The Five Stages of Team Development free essay sample

1. Foundation hypothesis The hypothesis of Tuckman (1965) ‘five phases of group development’ depends on the procedure of a gathering meeting up, becoming more acquainted with one another, building up a gathering dynamic and after all cooperating in general group where everybody profits by one another. The five phases start with Â'formingâ', this stage implies the absolute first second the group meets one another, so as of now they have not met one another and they have no desires for one another but instead they are there to find out about one another, as Gina Abudi (2010) says for her situation study they are Â'feeling each other outâ'. Additionally in the second stage Â'stormingâ', the group definitely knows one another anyway they despite everything need to seek their status. They have just started to cooperate however they are as yet finding each otherâ's place in the gathering. Right now the job of the group chief is basic as he/she needs to control the circumstance and ensure that e verybody feels acknowledged, equivalent and comprehended. We will compose a custom article test on The Five Stages of Team Development or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page In the third stage Â'normingâ', the group begins to fill in as a gathering as of now. They are not rivaling one another yet now the objective is more clear for them and each individual in the group needs to arrive at it as successfully as could be expected under the circumstances, in this way the group is co-working a great deal and searching for attachment. Moreover in the fourth stage Â'performingâ', the gathering is working impeccably and no interruptions are occurring. There is a brilliant way everybody follows and all the work and co-activity is done easily with trust and regard. Right now, if there is an issue/strife there is no requirement for the group chief to get included, the gathering will comprehend it without anyone else. In conclusion, the fifth stage Â'adjourningâ', is simply the last stage when everybody is assessing themselves and one another. They begin to feel the having a place anyway they realize that everybody will head out in their own direction. As of now every colleague would choose for themselves who they would need to work with later on . At the last stage a farewell party is frequently held by the group head where everybody can assess the task together and have a ton of fun. Situation I have decided to utilize the contextual investigation for my situation examination. I have accepted that Mohammed has proceeded on non-correspondence at the third Â'normingâ' stage. This has made a great deal of dissatisfaction among the entire group and the group chief, Sandra, has chosen to leave her place of employment as she was unable to deal with the circumstance any longer. So now the group is with Peter, Sarah, Mohammed, Donna and Ameya. They all realize each otherâ's aptitudes yet are not advancing as Mohammed isn't co-working, which implies that they have fallen back to the raging stage where they are contending with one another on who might be the following group pioneer. Dwindle, with the most experience stands up and begins to control the group. Anyway the remainder of the gathering imagine that Mohammed should at present impart more and even Peter can't take a few to get back some composure of him. They are as yet stuck on a similar stage. Besides by casting a ballot they have chosen to get another group chief so as to continue in this undertaking viably, despite the fact that it implies that they would begin from the earliest starting point Â'formingâ' stage as there would be a renewed individual coming in, they despite everything feel that it is beneficial gambling, as there is a major requirement for a solid group pioneer. After all they have fallen back one stage once more, dropping from the norming stage they are back to the shaping stage with another pioneer. Anyway now, as quick as they must known their group chief and she must known them and the issues in the group have been reported to her, they can hop back to the norming stage as no contending is required any longer. Starting here on, the new group pioneer has everything leveled out and she is giving additional consideration to Mohammedâ's connection with the remainder of the gathering. Gradually they begin to build up a decent group which can depend on one another and even Mohammed has got his feet on the ground. The performing stage is fairly a major improvement from what they were and in the dismissing stage they have a great deal to assess as a gathering. After all they all appeared to have great time, and the new group pioneer acquired a ton of certainty. Particularly for Mohammed the dismissing stage, when he thinks back to his activities is an exercise learnt. Despite the fact that he has a ton of experience he just advises himself that he in every case needs another person to mind about him with the goal for him to communicate with others. He confides in himself a lot with 8 years of experience.

Community and Social Benefits Essay Example for Free

Network and Social Benefits Essay The examination of the reasons by which volunteers include themselves on explicit associations, and really remain for an extensive stretch of time, or leave bunches which they turned into a piece of is the topic of this article. The analyst needed to give a clarification that will cover the questions on volunteerism remembering its belongings for the lives of the volunteers, significance in our present society, and the general effect of these exercises in the cutting edge American lives (Strigas, 2006). The general theory of the examination is portrayed on the title which expresses that volunteers are offering their extra time to explicit affiliations since they accept that such exercises will render network and social advantages. The testable and increasingly explicit speculation, then again, states that volunteers for game and amusement exercises offer their types of assistance dependent on five significant inspirational elements which incorporate the accompanying: â€Å"social capacities for leisure,† â€Å"material,† â€Å"egoistic,† â€Å"purposive factors,† and â€Å"external influences† (Strigas, 2006). In a progressively formal introduction, the invalid theory of the investigation can be introduced as ? 1 †? 2 = 0 where ? 1 involve the persuasive components of the volunteer that depend on close to home needs and interests while ? 2 records for the variables that are impacted by social and self-improvement (Experiment Resources, 2010). In like way, it tends to be said that the invalid theory of the examination speaks to the possibility that no relationship exists among individual and cultural based purposes behind chipping in. A careful investigation of the article will uncover that the invalid theory was really dismissed as appeared by the count of confirmations that connect individual premiums of the volunteers and their longing to help the general public as a portion of the components on why they join different associations. Moreover, it was demonstrated that volunteers join associations since they need to increase self-satisfaction or in light of the fact that they need to win favors from others. The significance of dismissing the invalid theory (Trochim, 2006) and putting stock in the first idea that volunteerism is impacted by both individual and cultural reasons so as to permit the union of network and society gives system on the consolation of volunteerism strengthening in our general public today. Subsequently, the examination accentuates the significance of testing the theory so as to affirm or refute the perceptions of the specialist. Reference Experiment Resources. (2010). The Null speculation. Recovered 03 June 2010, from. http://www. test assets. com Strigas, A. (2006). Research update: taking advantage of volunteers: an investigation shows volunteers are giving their time in return for network and social advantages. Parks and Recreation. Trochim, W. (2006). Theories. Recovered 03 June 2010, from http://www. socialresearchmethods. net

Chp 1

Chp 1-9 + Oedipus the King Imhotep was (Chp 1-3) the Egyptian engineer who structured the Step Pyramid at Saqqara. What is the best meaning of humanism? (Chp 1-3) The investigation of being human. The image delineates what sort of Greek design? Corinthian (Chp 1-3) Corinthian (page 47) Which of the accompanying proclamations isn't valid for Greek model? (Chp 1-3) The human structure was less reasonable and similar than in Egyptian figure. In what primary way did the Greek religion vary from the Egyptian religion? (Chp 1-3) To the Greeks, the great beyond was not as significant as life on earth. The image delineates what kind of Greek engineering? Doric (Chp 1-3) Doric (page 47) The work of art imagined is a case of _____________ , a divider painting made on wet mortar. (Chp 1-3) fresco The island of Crete was home to what old culture? (Chp 1-3) the Minoans What part of the Egyptian religion enormously impacted their specialty and architechture? (Chp 1-3) the significance of eternal life Which speaks to the best meaning of workmanship? (Chp 1-3) The declaration of the trademark mentalities of the individuals of a specific age toward significant parts of life. Which of coming up next was not a significant part of Greek craftsmanship and engineering? (Chp 1-3) existence in the wake of death A figure wherein 3-dimensional structures are cut from a level foundation is known as (Chp 1-3) help form. A segment is (Chp 1-3) an upstanding help, generally tube shaped, for a rooftop or the upper piece of a structure. Where were the antiquated drawings, for example, these found? (Chp 1-3) Lascaux collapses France How did the Spartans overcoming of the Athenians influence Greek workmanship and engineering? (Chp 1-3) The craftsmanship turned out to be progressively indecent, brutal, and sensational. What we are aware of Greek music is known through (Chp 1-3) the entirety of the abovementioned The bit of work of art envisioned is known as (Chp 1-3) the Venus of Willendorf.page 35 The model imagined is known as (Chp 1-3) Nike of Samothrace (Winged Victory). page 56 What structure is envisioned? (Chp 1-3) The Great Sphinx at Giza.page 38 For what object were the Egyptian pyramids developed? (Chp 1-3) As tombs for incredible lords. Craftsmanship periods are not partitioned precisely; they are just assessed timeframes and they frequently cover. (Chp 1-3) Craftsmanship periods are not partitioned precisely; they are just evaluated timeframes and they frequently cover. What kinds of scenes are discovered painted on Greek containers? (Chp 1-3) the entirety of the abovementioned The ___________ is one of the incomparable instances of Doric design and was worked to pay tribute to ____________ , the Greek goddess of insight. (Chp 1-3) Parthenon/Athena The image delineates what sort of Greek design? Ionic (Chp 1-3) Ionic page 47 To really acknowledge and get craftsmanship, you should (Chp 1-3) draw in it and experience it on an individual level. Wall paintings are (Chp 1-3) divider compositions. What term alludes to the representative composition of the Egyptians? (Chp 1-3) hieroglyphics Craftsmanship can't genuinely exist without (Chp 1-3) a craftsman and a group of people. This bit of work of art originated from which recorded period? (Chp 1-3) Paleolithic page 35 A _________ is a resplendent or basic top to a segment. (Chp 1-3) capital Which of the accompanying proclamations isn't valid for old workmanship? (Chp 1-3) It was not essential to old individuals. What term alludes to a kind of engineering structure where at least two vertical segments bolster a level shaft? (Chp 1-3) post-and-lintel The craftsmanship envisioned is known as (Chp 1-3)Chp 4 Trapeze artists and Bull.page 42 What is the structure imagined? page 68 Chp 4 Colosseum As per Cicero, Roman law depended on Chp 4 regular residents utilizing great sense. The structure envisioned joins the compositional styles of page 67 Chp 4 both the Greeks and Romans. In what three zones did the Romans exceed expectations? Chp 4 Design, building, and law. The ___________ was a water passage worked in France; it is 900 feet in length and 180 feet high. Chp 4 Pont du Gard Around 400 B.C., Rome began as Chp 4 a little society of landowners and ranchers. What huge commitment to design by the Romans is obvious in the Ara Pacis Frieze (envisioned)? Chp 4 The utilization of viewpoint to make a dream of room. page 73 An/a __________ is a structure incorporated to carry water with urban communities from significant distances. Chp 4 water passage What engineering structure is envisioned? page 66 Chp 4 groined vault What Roman created the book entitled De Architectura (On Architecture)? Chp 4 Vitruvius The floorplan and drawing imagined are those of what well known structure? Chp 4 Old St. Subsides page 76 The Romans conceived an arrangement of throwing and forms so as to Chp 4 make duplicates of Greek models. Roman music Chp 4 was utilized in diversion and open occasions. The term __________ alludes to a structure made out of little units of stone, glass, or porcelain set in mortar (like the one envisioned). Chp 4 mosaic Which of the accompanying regions was not heavily influenced by the Roman Empire? Chp 4 the Americas As the early Romans dealt with more land, they Chp 4 the entirety of the abovementioned The structure envisioned was utilized for (colosseum) Chp 4 the entirety of the above page 68 The __________ was a Roman structure worked to pay tribute to all the divine beings. Chp 4 Pantheon A __________ is a rectangular lobby flanked by paths, and its structure was gotten from Greek sanctuaries. Chp 4 basilica An/a ___________ is a hemispherical vault upheld by sections or dividers; this engineering structure is as yet utilized today in numerous legislature and open structures. Chp 4 vault What building structure is envisioned? page 66 Chp 4 post and lintel The __________ turned into a significant image in Christian craftsmanship and design. Chp 4 cross What building structure is envisioned? page 66 Chp 4 adjusted curve What building structure is envisioned? page 66 Chp 4 barrel vault Which of the accompanying articulations about Roman figure isn't correct? Chp 4 The Romans didn't make any figure of their own. Which of the accompanying articulations isn't valid for the music of the early Christians? Chp 4 They utilized it as diversion outside of their love administrations. Which of the accompanying explanations isn't valid for the early Christians? Chp 4 They were constrained by the Romans to make unique gems. The term angled vault alludes to Chp 4 The term curved vault alludes to Which of the accompanying explanations isn't valid for the Roman religion? Chp 4 The Romans thought loving more than one god, similar to the Greeks did, wasn't right. The Byzantine style is known for its Chp 4 (the entirety of the abovementioned) splendid hues. complex examples. erotic articulations. Christian craftsmanship had the option to thrive Chp 4 after Roman pioneers changed over to Christianity. ______________ is another name for a patio. Chp 4 Colonnade Which of the accompanying articulations isn't valid for the Romans? Chp 4 They annihilated a great part of the Greek work of art when they vanquished the Greeks. Priests took a promise of Chp 5-6 the entirety of the abovementioned Which of the accompanying articulations isn't correct? Chp 5-6 The Greeks and Romans were more worried about the great beyond than Medieval individuals. The human figures in Romanesque model can best be portrayed as skeletal. The house of prayer envisioned is a fantastic case of Gothic engineering since page 108 Chp 5-6 it utilizes the utilization of flying braces. The structure imagined is page 90 Chp 5-6 Notre Dame la Grande. Which of the accompanying proclamations isn't valid for Romanesque architecture?Chp 5-6 Romanesque holy places utilized numerous splendid hues into their designs. The __________ is the territory of a Christian church around the high special stepped area, generally held for the ministry and isolates the pastorate from the gathering. Chp 5-6 chancel The ______________ is a path of walkway around the house of a congregation or religious community. Chp 5-6 wandering The _____________ alludes to the conventional help of love in Medieval holy places. Chp 5-6 formality Blessed relics, which were bits of holy people or their dress, were Chp 5-6 joined into the engineering of chapels. To keep structures flame resistant, Romanesque modelers Chp 5-6 utilized substantial stone roofs and thick dividers with hardly any windows. Which of the accompanying explanations isn't valid for Gothic engineering? Chp 5-6 Gothic church buildings were dim and miserable like Romanesque houses of prayer. The focal walkway or bit of a congregation is called Chp 5-6 The focal passageway or part of a congregation is called Which notable French cloister is envisioned? page 84 Chp 5-6 Cluny Abbey The Romanesque style is set apart by Chp 5-6 its unmistakable straightforwardness and utilization of the adjusted curve. The individuals of the Romanesque time frame accepted that the primary motivation behind all artwork, engineering, and figure was Chp 5-6 to show strict exercises or conventions. The imaginative improvements in the Medieval time frame sprang exclusively from Chp 5-6 the Church. The two principle kinds of design during the Medieval time frame were Chp 5-6 strict structures and palaces/posts. What term alludes to a financial framework wherein masters, who claimed a larger part of the land and riches, had little networks where hirelings and slaves worked the land? Chp 5-6 feudalism During the Gothic time frame, there was a slow development Chp 5-6 from otherworldly significance to humanism. An/a _____________ is a half curve used to balance the outward push of the vault and to move the push to docks outside the dividers. Chp 5-6 flying support The mon

Passionate Language in Romeo and Juliet - Literature Essay Samples

Romeo and Juliet is rife with the powerful contrasting passions of Love and Hate. Since this work is a drama, Shakespeare has chosen to convey these emotions through characters’ language. This essay will examine how dialogue is used to demonstrate their passions.Hate is almost solely embodied by Tybalt, cousin to the Capulets and therefore an enemy of the house of Montague. This young man is described by his fellow characters as being â€Å"furious† (III i.121), â€Å"fiery† (I.i.109) and possessing of an â€Å"unruly spleen† (III.i.157) which, in Shakespeare’s day, accounted for his choleric character and quick temper. When he first enters the scene, he immediately tries to quarrel with Benevolio, for the sole reason that he is a kinsman of Romeo. When Benevolio says that he only wants to keep the peace, Tybalt passionately replies: â€Å"I hate the word as I hate hell, all Montagues and thee. Have at thee, coward!† (I.i.69-71). Tybalts hat red is so intense that he desires to kill anyone who has any association with Romeo, including the peace-loving Benevolio. Moreover, he is blinded by passion, for the fact that he claims to hate hell and yet lusts for Montague blood is a contradiction in terms, for according to Christian belief, murders will burn forever in hell-fire. There seem to be a few reasons for Tybalt’s hatred: one, is because Romeo, being an only child, is the only person able to continue the line of Montague in Verona – if he was to die, that hated house would die with him; and secondly, because Romeo was a well-bred, virtuous lad liked by all, including the patriarch of the Capulets. At the ball, when Tybalt tells his uncle that â€Å"villain Romeo† (I.v.64) is there uninvited and he wants to be rid of him, Capulet orders Tybalt to leave Romeo in peace, lest he destroy the happy atmosphere. Tybalt, for whom this ‘happy atmosphere’ has already been destroyed by the presenc e of his enemy, stubbornly tells his uncle that he won’t â€Å"endure him† (I.v.76), provoking his uncle’s anger upon himself: if he cannot endure Romeo’s presence at the feast, then he can leave. Tybalt does this, but not before muttering a passionate threat against Romeo.TYBALT: Patience perforce with choler meeting Makes my flesh tremble in their different greeting. I will withdraw. But this intrusion shall, Now seeming sweet, convert to bitterest gall. (I.v.89-92)The hard guttural sounds and his choice of words show that Tybalt is having difficulty controlling his anger. He will plan his revenge on Romeo – now, not only because of the age-old feud, but also because his presence at the ball was the cause of Capulet’s chiding mockery towards his nephew, which stung Tybalt’s proud nature.It must be noted here that while Tybalt is being consumed by his hatred for Romeo, the latter is falling inexorably in love with Juliet . The link between these two conflicting passions of love and hate is further strengthened by the characters’ use of rhyming verse in both instances, whereas the rest of the play is predominantly written in blank verse or iambic pentameter. This highlights for the audience the areas in the play where these passions are at their highest point.Let us now turn our attention to the other recurring passion in the play: that of love. This theme as sene in Romeo and Juliet can be divided into two specific categories: the elevated passion of true love, the â€Å"type of love that goes beyond the common, that is special and worth patience and suffering† , and the baser passion of lust, pertaining more to a â€Å"fine foot, straight leg, and a quivering thigh† (II.i.19)The play opens with a dialogue between two servants of the Capulet household. Their ability to turn a phrase makes their banter enjoyably light and witty, but their pu nning soon turns to scarcely veiled sexual innuendoes.SAMPSON: I will be civil with the maids – I will cut off their heads.GREGORY: The heads of the maids?SAMPSON: Ay, the heads of the maids, or their maiden- heads. Take it in what sense thou wilt (I.i.21-25)From this opening exchange, it is made clear to the audience that language and the manipulation of the spoken word will be an important motif of the play, used to illustrate the passionate feelings which each character is trying to convey – in this case, the lower, more vulgar natures of the Capulet manservants.But let us not neglect the fairer sex when dealing with the passion of lust as portrayed by the characters’ choice of language. Juliet’s nurse often speaks in double entendres, most notably in Act One, Scene Three where she is even silenced by Lady Capulet.NURSE: Thou wilt fall backward when thou hast more wit. Wilt thou not, Jule?LADY CA PULET: Enough of this, I pray thee hold thy peace. (I.iii.43-44;50)According to critic Adrian Poole, the Nurse is telling Juliet that she will be ready to make love once she has more understanding and this time has arrived : â€Å"To see now how a jest shall come about!† (I.iii.46) It would seem that in the Nurse’s opinion. Love and sex equate to the same thing, and now that Juliet is of an age to be married, her thoughts immediately gravitate towards the loss of Juliet’s â€Å"maidenhead† (I.iii.2), echoing the lusty conversation of the servants mentioned above.However, the unbiased observer will notice that it is not merely the Capulet servants who are driven by lustful passions. In what is sometimes referred to as the â€Å"Queen Mab Speech† , we see that Mercutio too enjoys dabbling with double entendres and bawdy puns. Towards the end of this speech he mentions maids who â€Å"lie on their backs:† (I.iv.92), which is similar to the Nurs e’s comments in the previous scene about the time having come for Juliet to â€Å"fall backwards† (I.iii.43). Moreover, just as the nurse is silenced by Lady Capulet, Mercutio is interrupted midsentence by Romeo’s â€Å"Peace, peace, Mercutio, peace! Thou talkest of nothing† (I.iv.95-96). Romeo’d choice of words here would suggest that Mercutio had been speaking quite passionately, so much so that his friend had felt compelled to repeatedly use the word ‘peace’ in an effort to calm him.In Act Two, Scene One, Mercutio spouts forth more passionate language in a similar style to the speech previously mentioned – his references to magic, the gods (infamous for their lustful liaisons) and the fact that he speaks in exclamations for some of the time would illustrate that this speech is intended to be passionate. Morover, it seems that where Mercutio is, lustful expressions are sure to follow; â€Å"O, Romeo, that she were, o that she were an open-arse and thou a poppering pear!† (II.i.37-38). Is there any need to explain the passionate lust which inspired this expression? Coupled with the puns on the word ‘medlars’ in the previous lines of this speech (‘to meddle’ in Shakespeare’s time being a common term for sexual activity) , the passionate nature of this particular speech is undeniable.Yet Mercutio’s vulgar choice of language and the ribald talk of the Capulet servants is intended to do more than simply express the erotic passions as felt by these characters. It also serves to beautify and set apart the different type of passion between Romeo and Juliet as being above all other loves, of being out of the ordinary. Where Romeo’s previous infatuation with Rosaline was founded on unrequited lust and Petrarchian poetry, here we find that he has become a master of language in his own right. What need is there to spout the stale musings of the Ancients when one possesses the ability and wit to manipulate language for oneself? When speaking of his love for Rosaline, his heart does not seem to be in his words, but when he speaks of and to Juliet, we feel that he is praying with his whole heart and soul, and that she is in a way, his life-giving force. Not to be outdone by Romeo, Juliet uses language which is both witty and flirtatiously charged. One could go so far as to say an element of danger can be detected, as this emotion of love is a novelty to her – is she ‘playing with fire’? When the two lovers speak, the chemistry between them is evident. So united are they in their love that they go one step further than simply completing each other’s sentences. When they speak together they create poetry. In Act One, Scene Five, when Romeo and Juliet first meet, their flirtatious banter forms a sonnet, the poetic form associated with love. As one critic writes: â€Å" What appeals to the reader isthe exquisite compos ition, metrical melody, dulcet music, and lovely imagery of the play† . The lovers’ masterful use of the English language appeals to one’s intellect and soul, in contrast to the effect Mercutio’s speeches for instance might have on one’s lower nature.Yet it cannot be denied that eros is present between Romeo and Juliet, for the lovers voice their sexual desires in a mature and adult manner. Act Three, Scene Two opens with Juliet waiting impatiently for Romeo to arrive so that they might consummate their marriage.JULIET: Gallop apace, you fiery-footed steeds, Towards Phoebus’ lodging Spread thy close curtain, love performing night(III.i.1-2;5)From this speech it is evident that Juliet is as knowledgeable as any of the other characters as to what she should expect on her wedding-night, but the difference between Juliet’s speech and the lustful talk of Mercutio is the strong sense of fidelity she has towards h er soul mate.JULIET: O I have bought the mansion of a love, But not possessed it; and though I am sold, Not yet enjoyed. (III.ii.26-28)She has vowed faithfulness to Romeo, and in return she has received his own pledge of fidelity towards her. Mercutio, on the other hand, fails to discriminate – to him, a woman is no more than a â€Å"fine foot, straight leg, and quivering thigh† (II.i.19) Their love is the elevated passion of true love which is not solely based on sexual relations.Another idea closely linked with the erotic side of the lovers’ passion is that both Romeo and Juliet often make use of language techniques such as assonance and alliteration when they speak to one another.ROMEO: Sin from my lips? O trespass sweetly urged! (I.v.109)This particular choice of language techniques has an interesting effect on the listener – the words are soft and sensual, the sounds of seduction, like the whisper just before a kiss. †Å"Yet every utterance of the young lovers is bubbling with emotion; as it excites, it exalts as well.† The lovers still manage to make their passion seem above that of any of the other characters. The elevated sense of their love is largely due to their constant use of religious metaphors. When they first meet, Romeo speaks of himself as a sinner, and of Juliet as a shrine and his only hope of absolution. These spiritual allusions are intended to show that their love is out of the ordinary, pure and exalted, pertaining more to the Divine than to the mundane. The fact that they continue to use religious references throughout the rest of the play shows us that they place supreme importance on their love, even to the extent where it takes precedence over the Institutor of religion, God Himself. Juliet blasphemously refers to Romeo as â€Å"the God of my idolatry† (II.i.156) and when Romeo is banished from Verona on account of the murder of Tybalt, he states that banishmen t is worse than torture, or death, or even hell itself, for â€Å"Heaven is here, where Juliet lives† (II.iii.29-30). According to Christian belief, the absence of God is what causes the damned in hell so much pain; likewise Romeo believes that the torture of banishment will be the absence of Juliet. Thus through their language we can see that the lovers have elevated each other to a level surpassing even God. In the end, religion â€Å"demands priorities that Romeo and Juliet cannot abide by because of the intensity of their love† , and as a result they think nothing of taking their own lives to escape the problems which their uncontrolled passions have created. In conclusion, Shakespeare has successfully portrayed the passionate sides of each of his characters through their choice of dialogue and language. This achievement would therefore be at its peak when the play is in performance. Reading ListAnonymous, ‘The Forcefulness of Love’, in SparkNotes: Rom eo and Juliet (2009), viewed on 4 September 2009 http://www.sparknotes.com/shakespeare/romeojuliet/themes.htmlAnonymous, ‘The Play as a Lyrical Tragedy’, Pink Monkey (2007), viewed on 17 September 2009 http://www.pinkmonkey.com/booknotes/monkey/pmRomeo30.aspA. Poole, ‘Introduction’ in Romeo and Juliet, London: Penguin, 1967D. Dupler, ‘Critical Essay on Romeo and Juliet’ in Drama for Students (2008), viewed on 4 September 2009 http://www.answers.com/topic/romeo and-juliet-play-7T.J.B. Spencer, ‘Commentary’ in Romeo and Juliet, London: Penguin, 1967W.Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet, London: Penguin, 1967 1)W.Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet, London: Penguin, 1967, p63 (from now on I shall quote all references from this book in-text) 2) Anonymous, ‘The Forcefulness of Love’, in SparkNotes: Romeo and Juliet (2009), viewed on 4 September 2009 3) D. Dupler, ‘Critical Essay on Romeo and Juliet’ in Drama for Stude nts (2008), viewed on 4 September 2009 4). A. Poole, ‘Introduction’ in Romeo and Juliet, London: Penguin, 1967, p.liii 5) A. Poole, ‘Introduction’ in Romeo and Juliet, London: Penguin, 1967, p.liv 6)T.J.B. Spencer, ‘Commentary’ in Romeo and Juliet, London: Penguin, 1967, p175 7) Anonymous, ‘The Play as a Lyrical Tragedy’, Pink Monkey (2007), viewed on 17 September 2009 8) Ibid. 9) D. Dupler, ‘Critical Essay on Romeo and Juliet’ in Drama for Students (2008), viewed on 4 September 2009 http://www.answers.com/topic/romeo and-juliet-play-7

Biography of Mary Todd Lincoln, Troubled First Lady

Mary Todd Lincoln (December 13, 1818–July 16, 1882) was the wife of President Abraham Lincoln. She became a figure of controversy and criticism during her time in the White House. After his death and the deaths of three of her children, she suffered great grief and was emotionally erratic. Fast Facts: Mary Todd Lincoln Known For:  Wife of Abraham Lincoln, she was a controversial first ladyAlso Known As: Mary Ann Todd LincolnBorn:  December 13, 1818  in Lexington, KentuckyParents: Robert Smith Todd and Eliza (Parker) ToddDied: July 16, 1882 in Springfield, IllinoisEducation: Shelby Female Academy, Madame Mantelles boarding schoolSpouse: Abraham LincolnChildren: Robert Todd Lincoln, Edward Baker Lincoln, William Willie Wallace Lincoln, Thomas Tad Lincoln  Ã‚  Notable Quote: I seem to be the scape-goat for both North and South. Early Life Mary Todd Lincoln was born on December 13, 1818, in Lexington, Kentucky. Her family was prominent in local society, at a time when Lexington was dubbed The Athens of the West. Mary Todds father, Robert Smith Todd, was a local banker with political connections. He had grown up near the estate of Henry Clay, a major figure in American politics in the early 19th century. When Mary was young, Clay often dined in the Todd household. In one often-told story, 10-year-old Mary rode to Clays estate one day to show him her new pony. He invited her inside and introduced the precocious girl to his guests. Mary Todds mother died when Mary was 6 years old, and when her father remarried Mary clashed with her stepmother. Perhaps to keep peace in the family, her father sent her away to the Shelby Female Academy, where she received 10 years of quality education at a time when education for women was not generally accepted in American life. One of Marys sisters had married the son of a former governor of Illinois and had moved to the state capital of Springfield. Mary visited her in 1837 and likely encountered Abraham Lincoln on that visit. Mary Todds Courtship With Abraham Lincoln Mary also settled in Springfield, where she made a major impression on the towns growing social scene. She was surrounded by suitors, including attorney Stephen A. Douglas, who would become Abraham Lincolns great political rival decades later. By late 1839, Lincoln and Mary Todd had become romantically involved, though the relationship had problems. There was a split between them in early 1841, but by late 1842 they had gotten back together, partly through their mutual interest in local political issues. Lincoln greatly admired Henry Clay. And he must have been impressed by the young woman who had known Clay in Kentucky. Marriage and Family of Abraham and Mary Lincoln Abraham Lincoln married Mary Todd on November 4, 1842. They took up residence in rented rooms in Springfield, but would eventually buy a small house. The Lincolns had four sons, three of whom died before adulthood: Robert Todd Lincoln was born on August 1, 1843. He was named for Marys father and would be the only Lincoln son to live to adulthood.Edward Baker Lincoln was born on March 10, 1846. Eddie became ill and died on February 1, 1850, weeks before his fourth birthday.William Wallace Lincoln was born on December 21, 1850. Willie became ill while living in the White House, perhaps because of polluted water. He died in the White House on February 20, 1862, at the age of 11.Thomas Lincoln was born on April 4, 1853. Known as Tad, he was a lively presence in the White House and Lincoln doted on him. He became ill, probably with tuberculosis, in Chicago and died there on July 15, 1871, at the age of 18. The years the Lincolns spent in Springfield are generally considered the happiest of Mary Lincolns life. Despite the loss of Eddie Lincoln and rumors of discord, the marriage seemed happy to neighbors and Marys relatives. At some point, animosity developed between Mary Lincoln and her husbands law partner William Herndon. He would later write scathing descriptions of her behavior, and much of the negative material associated with her seems to be based on Herndons biased observations. As Abraham Lincoln became more involved in politics, first with the Whig Party and later with the new Republican Party, his wife supported his efforts. Though she played no direct political role, in an era when women could not even vote she remained well-informed on political issues. Mary Lincoln as White House Hostess After Lincoln won the election of 1860, his wife became the most prominent White House hostess since Dolley Madison, the wife of President James Madison, decades earlier. Mary Lincoln was often criticized for spending too much money on White House furnishings and on her own clothing. She was also criticized for engaging in frivolous entertainments at a time of deep national crisis, but some defended her for trying to lift her husbands mood as well as the nations. Mary Lincoln was known to visit wounded Civil War soldiers and took an interest in various charitable endeavors. She went through her own very dark time, though, following the death of 11-year-old Willie Lincoln in an upstairs bedroom of the White House in February 1862. Lincoln feared that his wife had lost her sanity, as she went into a prolonged period of mourning. She also became very interested in spiritualism, a fad that first caught her attention in the late 1850s. She claimed to see ghosts wandering the halls of the White House and hosted seances. Lincolns Assassination On April 14, 1865, Mary Lincoln was seated beside her husband at Fords Theater when he was shot by John Wilkes Booth. Lincoln, mortally wounded, was carried across the street to a rooming house, where he died the following morning. Mary Lincoln was inconsolable during the long overnight vigil, and according to most accounts, Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton had her removed from the room where Lincoln was dying. During the long period of national mourning, which included a lengthy traveling funeral that passed through northern cities, she was barely able to function. While millions of Americans participated in funeral observances in towns and cities throughout the country, she stayed in a bed in a darkened room in the White House. Her situation became very awkward as the new president, Andrew Johnson, could not move into the White House while she still occupied it. Finally, weeks after her husbands death, she left Washington and returned to Illinois. Troubled Later Years In many ways, Mary Lincoln never recovered from her husbands murder. She first moved to Chicago and began to exhibit seemingly irrational behavior. For a few years, she lived in England with her youngest son Tad. After returning to America, Tad Lincoln died and his mothers behavior became alarming to her oldest son Robert Todd, who took legal action to have her declared insane. A court placed her in a private sanatorium, but she went to court and was able to have herself declared sane. Death Suffering from a number of physical ailments, Mary Lincoln sought treatment in Canada and New York City and eventually returned to Springfield. She spent the final years of her life as a virtual recluse and died on July 16, 1882, at the age of 63. She was buried beside her husband in Springfield. Legacy A well-educated and well-connected woman from a prominent Kentucky family, Mary Todd Lincoln was an unlikely partner for Lincoln, who had come from humble frontier roots. She is known mostly for the great losses she suffered in her lifetime and the emotional instability that resulted. Sources â€Å"The Life Of Mary Todd Lincoln.†Ã‚  eHistory.Turner, Justin G., and Linda Levitt Turner.  Mary Todd Lincoln: Her Life and Letters. From International Publishing Corporation, 1987

The Unique And Additive Associations Of Family Functioning...

The title of the article is The Unique and Additive Associations of Family Functioning and Parenting Practices with Disordered Eating Behaviors in Diverse Adolescents. This article was written by Jerica M. Berge with the Department of Family Medicine and Community Health at the University of Minnesota Medical Schools in Minneapolis; Melanie Wall with the Department of Biostatistics at Columbia University in New York, NY, as well as the Division of Biostatics of the Department of Psychology and the Mailman School of Public Health at Columbia University in New York, NY; Nicole Larson, Marie E. Eisenberg, Katie A. Loth, and Dianne Neurmark-Sztainer of the Division of Epidemiology and Community Health at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis; Marie E. Eisenberg was also affiliated with the Division of Adolescent Health and Medicine with the Department of Pediatrics at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis. This article was found in the Journal of Behavioral Medicine and publish ed by Springer Science and Business Media online on November 30, 2012. The purpose of the article was to â€Å"identify the unique and additive relationships of family functioning and mother and father parenting practices with adolescent girls’ and boys’ disordered eating behaviors in a racially/ ethnically) and socio-economically diverse population in order to inform treatment and prevention efforts in adolescents with disordered eating behaviors. [And] identify the independent associations between

Cost Baseline And Funding Requirements †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about thee Cost Baseline And Funding Requirements. Answer: Cost Baseline Task Name Feb March April May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Start of the project plan Project Management Salary of Maintenance and Administration staff 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 Cost of the suppliers 5000 2000 1000 3000 4000 2000 1000 1000 1000 Cost of meeting on progress and performance of the project 200 100 350 150 100 100 200 100 250 Campus Signage Signage of the design Design preparation 2000 1000 3000 Preparation of the prototype 1000 1500 2000 Signage of the production Purchasing of the resources 2000 2000 1000 3000 Creation of the signage 1000 2000 2000 Signage of installation Circulation of the signage 1000 2000 2000 Building of the signage 2000 1000 3000 Training and support 1000 2000 2000 Development of the project plan Goods ordered 2000 1000 2000 1000 Promotion of the local language 500 500 500 Documents maintenance 200 200 100 500 Installation of signs Signs are installed into the campus 2000 2500 1800 Proposed of waterfall project lifecycle model 2000 2500 Total 3700 2200 6600 13550 13150 5600 9600 12300 5100 5550 7000 8500 Cumulative total 3700 5900 12500 26050 39200 44800 54400 66700 71800 77350 84350 885 Funding Requirements Activities Funding required Kick off the project plan $15,000 Training and support $5,000 Installation of the signage board $10,800 Design preparation $6,000 Proposed of waterfall project lifecycle model $4,500 Management reserve $20,000 Total $61,300 Bibliography Chance, D. M., Brooks, R. (2015).Introduction to derivatives and risk management. Cengage Learning. Cherkaoui, K., Baptiste, P., Pellerin, R., Hat, A., Perrier, N. (2017). Proactive tactical planning approach for large scale engineering and construction projects.The Journal of Modern Project Management,5(1). Crawford, J. K. (2014).Project management maturity model. CRC Press. Fan, Y., Thomas, M., Anantatmula, V. (2014). A Longitudinal Study of the Required Skills of Project Managers.The Journal of Modern Project Management,1(3). Glendon, A. I., Clarke, S., McKenna, E. (2016).Human safety and risk management. Crc Press. Hopkin, P. (2017).Fundamentals of risk management: understanding, evaluating and implementing effective risk management. Kogan Page Publishers. Kerzner, H. (2013).Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Narbaev, T., De Marco, A. (2017). Earned value and cost contingency management: A framework model for risk adjusted cost forecasting.The Journal of Modern Project Management,4(3). Pinfield, S., Salter, J., Bath, P. A. (2016). The total cost of publication in a hybrid open?access environment: Institutional approaches to funding journal article?processing charges in combination with subscriptions.Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology,67(7), 1751-1766. Schwalbe, K. (2015).Information technology project management. Cengage Learning.

Reincarnation Essays (1490 words) - Afterlife, Kabbalah, Death

Reincarnation Biological death is defined and accepted. Winstead- Fry points out that within sensory science, death is the termination of certain biophysical functions. "We can empirically confirm the existence and ending of life." ( 163) The criteria for brain death are accepted as proof of biological death. Of course if one considers the human being and the human body as one, then death must be a definite ending. But what about those who believes the soul never dies? There is the belief that the body is like a set of clothes the soul changes when the body gets worn out. Can the human body be considered such a worthless object? Many say no and yet others believe it truly. The debate about death is in the question of existence after death. It is not possible at present to recreate or validate existence after death using our senses. This is why there is so much of an interest in near-death experiences. Dr. Morse and his team have proven that a person actually needs to be near death to have a near death experience. The team compared seriously ill people with those near the brink of death and people who had near-death experiences were clinically dead at the time of their experience and ?were brought back from the dead.'(183) This is the closest one can get to death ; therefore, it is reasonable to use these experiences to learn about death. Near- death phenomena are as old as recorded history. Such an experience is reported in Plato's Republic, written in the fourth century before Christ.(Blackmore 79) The phenomenon is wide spread. Over eight million adults in the United States have claimed to have a near- death experience. Dr. Stevenson believes that by him writing books it will 7 encourage more people to share their experience. He believes many people may not share their story for fear of ridicule.( Santos F1) Mr. Underwood reveals that one in three people who recover from coming close to death or becoming clinically dead reports having a near-death experience. (245) Some critics argue that the near- death experience results from the brain's response to distress. They claim that the brain reacts to the threat to the body so that fantasies and memories of the ?childhood flood the consciousness'.(264) However, if the skeptics were right the experience would be unique to the individual. We know what the brain is capable of, but to say that the content of every brain is the same is farfetched. There are common components in experiences described irrespective of differences of the people who experienced it. The sense of being dead, being in a tunnel, meeting people of light, life review and the presence of light. These people were different in age, nationality and religion. It is recognized that every human being is unique. Then, why should everyone's brain produce the same images? Children and adults differ in the memories they gather and the way they comprehend the world, yet their core experiences were the same. Therefore, the argument of the brain flooding one with past memories does not seem logical. Some argue that the experiences contain cultural and personal marks of those who have them. Then the near- death experiences of Hindu's would differ from those of Christians and Americans different from Japanese. But here too the core experiences were the same. There is obviously two sides of the story. One must look at both sides with careful eye and determine for themselves what they believe is true. This is where the idea of reincarnation comes in. Because it is 7 incorporated in so many religions, you find an answer to a question which you truly want to know the answer to and do not abandon your faith in doing so. Reincarnation is detected in many religions. Reincarnation is normally thought of as a Hindu philosophy and it is traced back to Hinduism, yet it can be found in Judaism, Christianity, Buddhism and in many more religions. In Judaism, reincarnation is known as Gilgul. Though it has a different name it has almost the exact same meaning. Gilgul was a dominant teaching in Judaism for over three hundred years. Cabala, a book of Judaism which is often studied by Rabbi's, one of the holy books of the Jews which talks of reincarnation. Rabbi Steinsaltz (Cranston 181) is an authority on the Cabala. He states: According to Cabalistic doctrine, the Torah contains not only manifest but also hidden truths: the same transcendent God whom the Bible celebatres as supreme king and

Your checklist for establishing salary ranges

Your checklist for establishing salary ranges Outwardly, your company probably has a standard line when it comes to describing employee salaries- something along the lines of â€Å"salary commensurate with performance and experience,† perhaps. Internally, it’s essential to have a close eye on what you’re paying particular employees, whether this aligns with industry standards, and what a particular position is worth to your company. Establishing pay ranges or set salary boundaries is essential to getting a handle on this information and managing salary moving forward. Let’s look at how you can approach the task for your company.Determine the value of each position within your organization.It would be nice to think that you can’t put a dollar number on an employee’s worth, but†¦the accountants beg to differ. This isn’t personal to whomever holds the job. Each position within your company has, realistically, a minimum and maximum value. Figuring out that value depends first on determining what the market value is for a given position. Your jobs may not match other companies’ jobs 1:1, but matching approximate job duties and levels of seniority can give you a pretty good idea of what others are paying for similar work. Sites like PayScale offer glimpses into position salaries, but the U.S. Department of Labor Statistics can really be your gold standard of salary data.Re-evaluate current employees.This is likely the most painful part of the process because it could uncover some uncomfortable realities. Are your current employees making salaries in line with their market value? If they’re making less, this is a relatively easy fix- you can increase base salary until it’s aligned. If they’re making more, it’s tougher. Cutting someone’s pay is going to negatively affect morale and employee engagement. What you can do is determine that a particular employee won’t be eligible for base pay increases, but rather bon uses or other compensation.Review and rank all the jobs in your organization.By figuring out the most essential jobs in your organization and assigning value based on seniority, job complexity, education required, training necessary, and other aspects, you can start establishing a hierarchy of salary ranges.Review your job descriptions.Once you start considering the relative value of each position, it’s important to make sure that your recruitment materials are realistic. Are your job descriptions reflective of the actual job? If you’re going to assign a specific value range to a position based on the job tasks, experience and skills necessary, etc., then you’ll be able to manage the salary process better, and earlier in the process.hbspt.cta.load(2785852, '9e52c197-5b5b-45e6-af34-d56403f973c5', {});Determine the specific ranges.Once you’ve gone through the work of assigning relative value to each position in your company, it’s time to start attach ing real numbers to each position. A salary range should have a minimum, a midpoint, and a maximum. Most salary ranges are 30-40% apart, from minimum to maximum.Communicate your salary philosophy.Then, after you’ve established ranges throughout your company, it’s important to be clear about what the salary expectations are for each role. This doesn’t mean publishing the specific dollar ranges (given the confidentiality of individual employees’ salary information), but employees should know if you’re planning to compensate them with bonuses instead of base pay increases, or how you determine base bay raises. If employees are totally in the dark about how salaries are determined and why, it leaves the door open for negativity and speculation. It can also help you in disputes over employee pay, if the salary philosophy and methodology is at least somewhat transparent.Don’t get complacent.Keep monitoring your ranges, perhaps auditing them annual ly, to make sure that your salary ranges are keeping pace with the market standards.Setting salary ranges makes your organization run more efficiently when it comes to hiring, developing existing talent, and adhering to financial best practices. It’s also a way to make sure you have a strong handle on what’s going on at every level your organization, and to inform how you can continue to meet organizational goals while supporting employees in a data-driven way.

PERSONAL ETHICS ACTION PLAN Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

PERSONAL ETHICS ACTION PLAN - Essay Example Leadership is taking ownership and responsibility for tasks. Service is caring and helping. Character is what builds when all these three work in cohesion. Section Four: The Most Pressing Ethical Issues for Organizations (Employee Rights & Discrimination) (3 pages) The most pressing ethical issues for organizations today are probably employee rights and discrimination, which will be examined here. Obviously, in today’s job market there are a lot of employee rights being violated and discrimination which is being conducted indiscriminately and, unfortunately, frequently throughout the average workplace. He who wakes up early will surely find his â€Å"bread,† or daily living, according to Holy Scriptures. However, it is the government relying on what Gustavo Gutierrez (1999) termed the â€Å"preferential option for the poor† to take shape is what is most frustrating. The government doesn’t seem to know what to do about unemployment, and frankly neither do p oliticians of either major party. It is very frustrating. The amount of good, middle-class paying jobs have significantly been reduced, and quite a number of jobs which are boosting employment statistics include many unskilled or low-skill jobs such as jobs at McDonald’s (the fast food chain), and other such forms of employment. This was just some background to demonstrate what is happening in our economy. Basically the rich are getting richer—remember the tax cuts for the top 3 or 4 percent of the wealthiest people in the U.S. who own a majority of the nation’s wealth? And obviously, the poor are getting poorer. One in seven Americans is living below the poverty line. Now, for someone to have to live below the federal poverty line, basically you have to make a certain lesser amount than what would generally be considered middle-class. Many college students have had to go back to live with their parents—in some cases, even after they have gone to grad sch ool and maybe have gotten married†¦with children. Thirty million Americans are currently on some form of government TANF aid like food stamps. When the food runs out, what will people do? They might riot. Cities could become desolate, Chicago could become Detroit†¦it is all a domino effect just waiting to happen. The cities would become breeding grounds for violence. Basically, the fact that the average American worker has little or no say in his or her paycheck, or interest in his or her work, is severely limiting the potential of what this nation could truly do—if the Administration puts people to work, for example, in a Great Depression era-style public works program like the WPA, employing people from all walks of life. Something must be done now, as in—immediately! People need jobs and the fact that there are gaps on some peoples’ resumes are now grounds for discriminating against hiring people. Peoples’ work histories do not fit neatly int o bubbles. Many people go through periods in their lives where they were perhaps living at home with their parents, and were perhaps going to school and were not employed—even if it’s just for one summer. The solution is, there are no easy solutions to employee rights and discrimination but we as a country must come together and solve these problems or they will continue to worsen. Basically, what has to

Collegeaged Drinking in USA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Collegeaged Drinking in USA - Essay Example These figures, which are quite staggering, stand as a testament to the magnitude of the problem and underscore the importance of asking and answering the following question: what are the factors which drive college students to drink and can university policy annihilate this problem. Available evidence suggests that the primary factors are immaturity, lack of self-control and peer pressure, further suggesting that a well-designed policy response can stem the problem. There is strong evidence to suggest that heavy and binge drinking among college students are the outcome of psychosocial immaturity. Professors Fischer, Firthum, Pidock and Dowd, undertook an extensive study to identify alcohol drinking patterns amongst college students and their causes. Following a thorough review of the literature on the causes of binge and heavy drinking among college students, Fischer et al. surveyed 1,592 students (915). The research findings clearly indicated that the primary cause of heavy and binge drinking was psychosocial immaturity. This is itself, according to the researchers, was a problematic finding as the root causes of the said immaturity were traced back to the relationship the respondents had with their parents (915). Those who had experienced a less than healthy relationship with their parents or who had not benefited from a stable family environment, exhibited signs of psychosocial immaturity. This made them vulnerable to alcoholism (915-916). T he implication here is that family environment proved the most important predicator of susceptibility to alcohol abuse. While psychosocial immatirity has been identified as an important predictor of alcohol abuse among college students, lack of control is another. Psychology professors, Leeman, Fenton and Volpicelli contend that empirical evidence strongly suggests that heavy and binge drinking among college students is symptomatic of "impaired control" (42). Impaired control, which may be defined as "a breakdown of an intention to limit consumption in a particular situation" (42) has been identified as a trait common to the majority of college students who engage in binge and heavy drinking. These students may not have a prior intention to heavily drink in a particular situation and, indeed, need not have an alcohol abuse problem but they most certainly have a self-control problem. Their inability to control their drinking in a particular situation is indicative of their inability to control their own selves. In fact, the survey study conducted by Leeman, Fenton and Volpicelli shows that in many inst ances, students did not have any prior intention to engage in binge drinking and, quite importantly, had a contrary intention. Nevertheless, when finding themselves in a situation where alcohol is available and those around them are encouraging them to drink, they embark upon heavy drinking (44-45). While their inability to stop themselves or adhere to their original intent not to drink heavily may be construed as symptomatic of alcoholism, it is not necessarily so. Instead, it is symptomatic of an "impaired control" problem which may later escalate into a substance abuse problem (45-46). Therefore, a leading cause of binge and heavy drinking amongst college students may be identified as lack of

Present day Societal Value of Labor Unions Essay Example for Free

Present day Societal Value of Labor Unions Essay A labor union is an organization of employees of the same profession, working for either one employer or many employers. It is formed by people with common skills, knowledge and skills pursuing the same dream, to be at the top of their carriers. Labor unions are normally funded by contributions from employee’s salaries. They are headed by officials who are elected by members after a given period of time. For labor unions to be effective they need to be run by people with the right management education, skills, knowledge and experience for them to deliver to their respective members. Labor union officials are accountable to its members and need to be responsible enough, for every action they take, has consequences on all the members. Labor unions are formed and run as per the constitution, according to the Labor act of any nation and the related articles. Labor unions have a societal value in the present day, because members expect some return that is either qualitative or quantitative. Although employers may be opposed to the idea of labor unions, the Government gives the right atmosphere for their formation and existence. Labor unions that are not beneficial to the members do not last long, because they are democratic institutions and members have a right to quit and join new unions. (Albert, 2001 p. 20-31) Organized institutions: Labor unions provide a forum for dealing with multiple issues at once and as group. Actions taken by labor unions are across the board; they relate to all the employees and their respective employers. Issues tackled do not relate to individuals but to the whole group of members. Members of the same profession get to meet and reason together, in order to better their living standards and their economic well being. Solutions to issues facing the employees are to the advantage of all the member. Labor unions need to be registered as per the required regulations, prescribed under the Labor union’s Act of any Country. They are therefore recognized and protected by law. They are therefore expected to deliver as per the necessary standards, without bias to either the employees or the employers. Issues presented by individual members are discussed by the officials and if need be, they are communicated to the rest of the members, in order to understand who the union is acting for, at any particular time. Protection of Employee’s rights: Labor unions are formed on the principle, â€Å"united we stand, divided we fall†. Any skilled, semiskilled and unskilled employee has rights and privileges at his place of work, which the employer may not be willing and ready to fulfill. It’s the duty of the labor union to negotiate for its members, with the employers for their rights to be realized. Single employees may not have a better understanding of their rights and may be oppressed by the employer. In groups/labor unions they will have the power to speak as one and demand the employer’s attention. (Becky 2002 p. 11-32) Some employee’s rights include; Better working, conditions and environment; This mostly applies to semiskilled and unskilled workers who are found at industrial plants. Most employers may find it expensive to provide them with the right working gear and devices like, gloves, masks and gum boots. Such employees will therefore be risking their lives at the expense of their incomes and need someone to come in between. Such employees may not be housed at the plant and will be expected to report to work early in the morning. The labor union will come in and negotiate for their transport system; whereby they are either picked by bus early in the morning or they are given an adequate transport allowance to enable them be punctual at work. The single employees who demand better working conditions and environment may risk their jobs because the management may consider them to be unruly. Some manufacturing companies, like tobacco industries, pollute the environment which the employees are working in. they may therefore be exposed to contracting diseases, hence poor health. It is the duty of the labor unions to negotiate healthy environment to ensure that employees utilize their skills well and advance in their carriers. A well balanced remuneration package; Employees need a salary package relatively proportional to their contribution towards the company’s profitability. Some employers may want to retain a lot of their earnings and therefore deny their laborers/employees good compensation. For a worker to be productive his or her financial and economic needs should be well catered for, by the employer. A stressed up employee may not utilize his education and knowledge adequately to develop his carrier. Some employers may want to pay their employees less than the other professionals with the same education, knowledge and skills. This is psychologically unfair and the labor union steps in to ensure a uniform salary package across the board for people with the same skills and knowledge. If the employer does not obey, the labor union can sue on behalf of the employee with costs being met by the employer, as per the relevant regulation and case ruling. Employee Motivation; For employees to perform better, they need their spirits lifted through a well organized motivation system. These lack in some organizations and it is the duty of labor unions to negotiate for the members items like, overtime payments, study leaves and bonus payments. It is through such motivation systems that employees can utilize their skills, education and knowledge in order to have some carrier growth and development. Labor unions therefore assist their members in meeting their short-term goals and keep them focused at their long-term goals. Better working conditions at the present make it possible for employees to realize ambitions and dreams. (Norman 2000 p. 4-54) Retirement benefits; Labor unions ensure that every employer has retirement arrangements in place for its employees. Employees should not retire with any funds to survive on because this may depress them at their old age. Retirement age is therefore maintained across all companies and those who their contracts are terminated in advance are given some golden handshake to survive on. Labor unions also deal with cases where contracts are terminated before maturity and those affected are restored and any damages are catered for by the employer. The labor unions therefore ensure that the society’s dependency ratio is not increased due to early terminations or people retiring with out finances. Professional Networking: Through labor unions professionals get to meet and share ideas relating to their carrier field. People with the same knowledge, skills, education and experience get to network and assist one another emotionally and this boosts their morale. Meetings organized by labor unions for its members provide a forum for discussions to be held among members. Motivational speakers are also invited to give speech which inspires the members. Carrier growth and development: Labor unions ensure that members are constantly being updated on the latest skills and knowledge during union meetings. Discussions held also advance the awareness of their professional field details. Members also get to know the requirements for their movement up the carrier ladder. Study leaves negotiated for by the labor unions provide carrier development. Some employers may want to maintain employees as casual, which is not as per the law; labor unions therefore come to negotiate for their permanent employment. This enables both carrier growth and development. Go slows: When employers do not want to give in to requests by the employees, laborers may present this to their unions and they may result in mass action. Demonstrations/go slows organized by labor unions are recognized by the laws and no one of the employees is victimized. workers’ plights are therefore considered by their employers and their demands are negotiated for by both the employer and the union officials. Creation of jobs: Labor unions are run by officials, elected by the members based on their education, knowledge and experience, to manage the union. These officials are well remunerated, from the contributions by the members. They therefore earn a living out their efforts to manage the unions. In the society, dependency ratio is therefore reduced while idleness by the unemployed and crime levels go down. These officials are replaced from time to time and the jobs are given to new people. Mediator between the government and the employees: Labor unions negotiate with the Government for labor standards to be maintained for the sake of the employees. The government is therefore kept on check by the union to ensure that there are statutory regulations on the, minimum wage, working conditions/environment and unfair dismissals. Labor unions also provide some level of awareness to the professionals in terms of, what they should expect from the employer and what their level of productivity to their employers should be, in order to experience carrier growth and development. (Timothy, Roni, 2003 p. 23-34) References: Albert S. (2001). Labor unions. New York. Cristol Publishers. Becky T. (2002). Societal Value of Labor Unions. New Jersey. Western Press. Norman C. (2000). Enforcement of Labor unions. Los Angelus. Southern Publishers. Timothy S, Roni B. (2003). Labor Unions in united States. Boston. Cribal Publishers.

John Milton :: essays research papers

John Milton was born in London, England (1608), to Sarah Jeffrey and his father, who was also named John. His mother was the daughter of a merchant sailor. His father was a law writer and also composed music. He inherited a love for art and music from his father. By the time he was twelve he entered Christ’s college, Cambridge, where he wrote much religious poetry in Latin, Italian, and English. Milton was picked on often in the University, and he was expelled after starting a fist fight with his tutor. After that he spent six years at his father’s home, spending his days writing. During those six years he wrote: L'ALLEGRO, IL PENSEROSO (1632), COMUS (1634), and LYCIDAS (1637). In 1635, John Milton and his family moved to Horton, Buckinghamshire, where he continued his studies in Greek, Latin, and Italian. He traveled to France and Italy in the late 1630s, meeting the theologian Hugo Grotius in Paris, France, and the astronomer Galileo in Florence, Italy. Milton returned to London in 1639, where he set up a school for his nephews. He did not write much, for he was silenced by the civil war for twenty long years. Milton was concerned for the puritan cause, so during the civil war, he wrote a series of pamphlets against episcopacy (1642), on divorce (1643), in defense of the liberty of the press (1644), and in support of the regicides (1649). After the death of King Charles, Milton published THE TENURE OF KINGS AND MAGISTRATES (1649) sustaining the view that the citizens had the right to overthrow and punish tyrants. In 1951, he was faced with several unpleasant occurrences. He lost his eyesight for one, but even after that was put on trial for his controversial writings and political opinions. After the Restoration of Charles II in 1660, Milton was arrested as a noted defender of the Commonwealth, but was soon released. Milton paid a massive fine for his opposition. Besides the publicly setting fire to his works EIKONKLASTES (1649) and the first DEFENSIO (1651) in Paris and Toulouse, Milton escaped from further penalty following Restoration, but he lost much of his money and became a reasonably poor man, although Paradise lost sold over 1,800 copies.

Copy Rights

Why there Is piracy? There must be reasons for piracy. Piracy Is a committed by people for a number of reasons. Some of the reasons for this act are Identified below: To enjoy services or entertainment at low cost prices or no cost to the consumers. Expo: Music, games, videos, software from internet. For profit Competitive Advantage Sabotage 3. What is law? Malaysia's copyright act 1987 came into effect on 1 December 1987, replacing the copyright act 1969. The 1987 act confers copyright on and protects computer programs (software).The 1987 act amended in 1990 to ensure compliance with the prescribed standards and minimum requirements under the Berne Convention. The copyright (application to other countries) Regulations 1990 came into force on 1 October 1 990, the day Malaysia acceded to the Berne Convention. [ source: http:// www. Abs. Org/Malaysia/intricacy/Piracy-and-the-Law. Com ] Point: Source: www. Slideshows. Net/Lonny/copyright-and-piracy-from-moral-and-legal- attendants-cit-p resentation 1 .Copyright is a form of legal protection that grants people who create and produce material the exclusive rights to control certain uses of that material from being reproduced without the permission of the copyright owner. 2. Why Piracy E-SST The price For profit/competitive advantages 3. Moral Issues Give a chance to the creator to able to make a living and provide jobs for many other Decrease the chance to get problems. Note from Facial: Please find more and add.

Outsourcing Is An Important Tool That Organization

Outsourcing has become an important tool that organization are taking advantage of more in this age of technology. It allows for a company or organization to select a partner or source to move a portion of their business to that usually has expertise in that area. It is a option that is being utilized by organizations in many countries. Outsourcing is a tool that enables organizations to gain some levels or competitive edge in their industries. It also allows organizations to obtain some price breaks and take advantage of good and services for cheaper rates. Outsourcing to low labor countries allows organizations to truly take advantage of reduced rates for labor but at what cost? This is a very controversial practice because this normally occurs in countries that have very lenient child labor laws. Outsourcing abroad in low labor countries opens the doors for the exploitation of residents in these countries. There are con’s and pro’s to the option of outsourci ng. Organizations that choose to outsource are making the decision to displace their current workers. These were jobs that were once worked by people in the organization and now they are not faced with the dilemma of unemployment due to outsourcing. Outsourcing allows the organization to now eliminate the cost of handling payroll. In many instances, former employees are given the option to work for the company that has secured the contract but at lower rates and possibly reduced benefits or not benefits.Show MoreRelatedAdvantages and Disadvantages of Being a First Mover975 Words   |  4 PagesAdvantages and Disadvantages of being a First Mover: The timing of entry to a particular market or industry is usually important because it helps in determining a companys returns on investment. First movers are described as the first entrants to offer or sell a new product or service category in a particular industry. 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